Evolution Korea
The financial crisis that struck Asia forced a major reappraisal of the old system of business-government alliances and public management of private risks. In Korea, that meant a shift in the development model.
In a controversial decision, the South Korean government has asked textbook publishers to ignore requests for removing examples of evolution in science texts for high school students. These include the evidence of the evolution of horses and of the avian ancestral Archaeopteryx.
1. Evolution and Religion
A South Korean creationist group has convinced textbook publishers to eliminate evidence of evolution from high-school science texts. The Society for Textbook Revise, an independent branch of the Korea Association for Creation Research that wants to rid biology textbooks of "atheist materialism," was behind the move. The STR asserts that such materialism creates negative images to students, leading them to abandon their faith.
When the STR's ad campaign made the news, scientists around the world expressed worry. Jae Choe, evolutionary biologist at Ewha Womans University, Seoul wrote in a letter to Nature's editor that South Korea had succumbed to religious prejudice. He was backed by colleagues from across the country, who set up a group called Evolution Korea to organize a petition against the changes to the textbooks.
Some researchers are also concerned about the possibility that the STR campaign will spread to other parts of the world where the spread of creationism is increasing. The letter to Nature warned that the anti-evolutionist movement will intensify pressure for revisions to textbooks in other countries, particularly those with strong Christian and Muslim populations.
South Korea has a particularly strong cultural background for the debate about evolution. 26 percent of the nation's residents belong to one of the religious groups, and most practice Christianity or Buddhism. Many Koreans also adhere to Ch'ondogyo - a philosophy based upon Confucian principles, which is a strong advocate of social harmony, individual self-cultivation and self-respect. Ch'ondogyo believes that humans are one with Hanulnim, the God of the Sun, and that heaven-bound blessings can be derived by doing good deeds.
All of this has made creationism fertile ground. Numerous studies have revealed that students with religious backgrounds tend to be more uncomfortable about learning evolution than those who do not have a religious background. The reasons behind this aren't evident. Students who are religious may not be as familiar with scientific theories, making them more susceptible to the creationists influence. Another factor could be that students who have religious backgrounds might view evolution as a concept that is agnostic, making them less comfortable.
2. Evolution and Science
In recent times, the scientific community has been concerned about anti-evolution efforts in schools. A 2009 survey revealed nearly 40% of Americans believed that biological evolution was a myth and that it would conflict their religious beliefs. Despite the popularity of creationism in some states, many scientists feel that the best method to counter this movement is not to actively engage in it, but to inform people about the evidence supporting evolution.
Scientists have a responsibility to teach their students about science including the theory of evolution. They should also inform the public about the process of science and how knowledge from science is collected and verified. They must also explain that scientific theories are frequently challenged and revised. However, misconceptions about nature and purpose of research can fuel anti-evolution views.
For instance, some people may confuse the word "theory" with the normal meaning of the word - a hunch or guess. In 에볼루션게이밍 , however, an hypothesis is rigorously tested, and empirical data is used to confirm it. A theory that is able to withstand repeated testing and observations becomes a scientific concept.
The debate about evolutionary theory is an excellent opportunity to discuss the importance of the scientific method and its limitations. It is important to understand that science does not provide answers to questions about life's purpose or meaning, but instead provides a mechanism for living things to grow and change.
Moreover, 에볼루션 블랙잭 -rounded education should include exposure to all the major scientific fields that include evolutionary biology. This is crucial because the jobs that people hold and the decisions they make require a knowledge of how science works.
The vast majority scientists in the world agree that humans have changed through time. In a study that predicted the opinions of adults about the consensus on this subject those with higher levels of education and knowledge of science were found to be more likely believe that there is a broad consensus among scientists on human evolution. Those who have more religious beliefs and less science-based knowledge are more likely to disagree. It is crucial that teachers emphasize the importance of understanding the general consensus on this issue to ensure that individuals have a solid basis for making informed choices about their health care, energy usage and other issues of policy.
3. Evolution and Culture
Cultural evolution is a cousin of the popular evolutionary theory. It explores how organisms like humans learn from one another. Researchers in this field employ explanation tools and models adapted from evolutionary theorists and reach back to prehistoric times to find the origins of culture.
This approach also acknowledges the difference between biological and cultural traits. While biological traits are largely acquired at once (in sexual species, at fertilization), cultural traits can be acquired over a lengthy period of time. The acquisition of a cultural characteristic may affect the growth and development of another.
In Korea, for example the emergence of Western fashion elements in the latter half of the 19th century and the early 20th century was a result of a variety of events. One of the most important was the appearance in Korea of Japanese occupation forces that introduced Western hairstyles and clothes.
When Japan left Korea in the 1930s, some of these trends began to reverse. At the close of World War II, Korea was once more united and again under the Choson dynasty rule.
Today, Korea is an economic and political power. Despite the current global financial crisis, the economy of Korea has grown consistently over the last decade and is set to maintain its steady growth in the future.
The current government faces numerous challenges. One of the most significant is its inability to find a coherent policy to tackle the economic crisis. The crisis has exposed weaknesses in the country's policies, especially its over-reliance on foreign investment and exports which could not last.
The crisis has shaken confidence of investors. This means that the government must reconsider its strategy and come up with other ways to boost the domestic demand. To ensure a stable and stable financial environment the government will need to overhaul its incentive and monitoring systems, as well as discipline and monitoring. This chapter provides a number of scenarios on how the Korean economy could grow in a post-crisis environment.
4. Evolution and Education
The challenge for teachers of evolution is how to teach evolutionary concepts that are appropriate for different stages of development and ages. Teachers must, for example be mindful of the diversity of religions in their classrooms and create a welcoming environment where students of both secular and religious beliefs feel comfortable. Teachers must also understand the most common misconceptions about evolution and how to deal with them in their classrooms. Teachers must also have quick access to the numerous resources available to teach evolution.
In this regard, the Thinking Evolutionarily Convocation was an important step in bringing evolutionary scientists and educators from a variety of fields to discuss best practices for teaching about evolution. Participants included representatives from scientific societies, educational research, government funding agency officials and curriculum designers. The convergence of diverse stakeholders led to the development of a set of shared recommendations that will form the basis for any future actions.
It is crucial to include evolution in all science curricula at every level. To accomplish this it is recommended that the National Science Education Standards (NRC) require that evolution be taught in an integrated manner across all sciences, with a progression of ideas that are developmentally appropriate. A new publication from NRC offers guidance for schools on how to integrate evolution into the life science curriculum.
A number of studies have demonstrated that a more comprehensive teaching of evolution is associated with higher levels of student understanding and belief in the concept of evolution. However the estimation of the causal impact of teaching in the classroom is difficult given that school curricula are not randomly assigned and evolve in time as a result of the predetermined dates of gubernatorial election and appointments to the state board of education. To overcome this problem I employ a longitudinal data set that allows me to account for year and state fixed effects as well as individual-level variations in the beliefs of teachers about evolution.
Another significant finding is that teachers who are more comfortable with teaching about evolution report having fewer intrapersonal barriers to doing so. This is in line with the idea that a more experienced faculty is less likely to avoid discussing evolution topics in the classroom and could be more likely to use strategies such as an approach to reconciliation that is known to increase the acceptance of undergraduate students of evolution (Harms and Reiss, 2019; Tolman et al. 2020).